Descendants of Moses Pitts Generation No. 1 1. MOSES4 PITTS (MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born January 07, 1846 in Newberry District South Carolina, and died October 1935 in Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. He married (1) MARY ELIZABETH DUKE December 12, 1866 in Cross Co. Arkansas, daughter of JOHN DUKE and MARY SMITH. He married (2) OPHELIA SMITH April 01, 1880 in Cross Co. Arkansas, daughter of GEORGE SMITH and LUCY ELLIS. Notes for MOSES PITTS: 23RD ARKANSAS INFANTRY REGIMENT CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA COMPANY K PITTS, M. Pvt Co K enl at Harrisburg, AR. Paroled 25 May 1865 at Wittsburg, AR. Age 19, eyes blue , hair light, complx light, ht 5'8", born SC. 1900 Census Mitchell Township Cherry Valley Dwg. 210. 1910 Census Mitchell Township Dwg. 11. Also living there Lucy Faulkner age 69, Mother (who's mother?) Moses Chesley Pitts' son MOSES PITTS was born January 7, 1846 in Newberry District, South Carolina. He was named for his father. His parents were of Scotch-Irish descent. He was the youngest child of the family; all of the males served in the Confederate Army. His father died when he was two years old and his other died when he was seven. He was reared by brother-in-law Zion (John?) Cook. The family moved from South Carolina to Arkansas in 1860. Moses was fouteen years old at the time of the move and was seventeen when he enlisted in the Confederate Army; the 29th Arkansas Cavalry, Company A under Captain L. Dedrick, McGee's Regiment in the Trans-Mississippi Department of General Sterling Price's Army. He enlisted to replace his brother Chesley, who had been wounded. Moses took part in raids into Missouri in 1864. He was part of the battles of Fort Leavenworth (possibly Kansas), Ironton, Pilot Knob, and Kansas City, all in Missouri. Later, at Jefferson City, Missouri, while under attack by Union soldiers, he was using an Enfield rifle and had the ramrod jam while he was loading it. He fired it at the attacking infantry, ramrod and all. He always wondered if it hit anyone. (Note: According to unsubstantiated family lore, this is the cap and ball rifle which was in the possession of James Charles Pitts of Franklin, New Hampshire, in 1995.) He also took part in the Arkansas battles of Pea Ridge and Prairie Grove. About May 25, 1865, he was paroled at Wittsburg, Arkansas. He never received any pay during the war except a $60.00 bounty, but he received a veterans' pension in his later years. He served as County Assessor of Cross County (Arkansas) for eight years and as Justice of the Peace for 12 to 15 years. Moses married Mary Elizabeth Duke (August 29, 1848 - November 12, 1878) in 1866 and had five children (See Generation V). Mary Duke died of "child bed fever" when Charles Claudius was 17 days old. He then married Ophelia Smith (February 4, 1861 - November 18, 1930) on April 1, 1880, and had six more children. Moses was 89 years old when he died on October 3, 1935 and was buried near Cherry Valley, Arkansas (Tyre Cemetery). Notes from Jim Pitts (Lives in New Hampshire) April, 2000 Notes for MARY ELIZABETH DUKE: MARY ELIZABETH DUKE was the granddaughter of John Duke, who came to Arkansas from North Carolina (date unknown). He was buried at Farm Hill Cemetery, south of Harrisburg, Arkansas. The grave is lost; family lore has it that locating the grave would prove family tie to the multimillionaire Duke family of the North Carolina tobacco fortune. John Duke's son, John E. Duke, was born April 13, 1820, and married Maloney ? (born April 13, 1822) at Water Valley, Mississippi (there is some question on location) on January 25, 1843. They had 11 children. Notes from Jim Pitts, April, 2000 More About MARY ELIZABETH DUKE: Date born 2: August 29, 1848 Notes for OPHELIA SMITH: More About OPHELIA SMITH: Date born 2: February 04, 1860 Died 2: November 18, 1930, Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery Children of MOSES PITTS and MARY DUKE are: i. JOHN PRESTON5 PITTS, b. March 27, 1868, Cross Co Arkansas; d. August 16, 1887. 2. ii. JAMES MOSES PITTS, b. February 04, 1870, Cherry Vallery Arkansas; d. February 22, 1962, Cherry Vallery Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. iii. CHESLEY STEWART PITTS, b. September 20, 1872, Cross Co Arkansas; d. December 28, 1918, Cherry Valley Arkansas. Notes for CHESLEY STEWART PITTS: Chesley Stewart "Polk" Pitts (September 20, 1872 - December 28, 1918). Died of influenza in Cherry Valley, Arkansas. Had two children. iv. HOMER LEE PITTS, b. 1874; d. 1876. 3. v. CHARLES CLAUDIUS PITTS, b. October 28, 1878, Cross Co Arkansas; d. July 15, 1952, Bryan Texas Buried at Tyer Cemetery. Children of MOSES PITTS and OPHELIA SMITH are: 4. vi. GEORGIA MAUD5 PITTS, b. July 11, 1881, Cross Co Arkansas; d. Unknown. 5. vii. GUY WESLEY PITTS, b. May 20, 1884, Cross Co Arkansas; d. December 29, 1960, Jonesboro Arkansas. viii. ALBERT SIDNEY PITTS, b. May 02, 1887, Cross Co Arkansas; d. October 28, 1912; m. LETTIE OWENS, February 18, 1911, Cross Co. Arkansas. 6. ix. MARY LUCINDA PITTS, b. August 25, 1889, Cross Co Arkansas; d. December 05, 1909, Cross Co Arkansas. 7. x. OLLIE TILLMAN PITTS, b. July 01, 1892, Cherry Valley Arkansas; d. April 10, 1976, Cherry Valley Arkansas Buried at Misner Cemetery. 8. xi. WADE HAMPTON PITTS, b. July 04, 1901, Cherry Valley Arkansas; d. December 1969, Jonesboro Arkansas. Generation No. 2 2. JAMES MOSES5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born February 04, 1870 in Cherry Vallery Arkansas, and died February 22, 1962 in Cherry Vallery Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. He married ZADA S. SHANNON March 02, 1898 in Cross Co. Arkansas, daughter of WILLIAM SHANNON and MARTHA CURTNER. Notes for JAMES MOSES PITTS: 1900 Census Mitchell Township Dwg. 137 Jim Pitts Zada (Shannon) Pitts Willie Huey, female step daughter Children of JAMES PITTS and ZADA SHANNON are: 9. i. AUTHOR BUFORD6 PITTS, b. August 25, 1900, Cross Co Arkansas; d. March 17, 1964, Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. 10. ii. LULA F. PITTS, b. July 30, 1902, Cross Co Arkansas; d. November 26, 1989, Cherry Valley Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. 11. iii. JOHN PRESTON "BUCK" PITTS, b. 1905, Cherry Vallery Arkansas. 12. iv. HAZEL PITTS, b. February 01, 1908, Cross Co Arkansas; d. March 05, 1995, Cherry Valley Arkansas. 13. v. NOVI PITTS, b. June 28, 1910, Cherry Valley Arkansas. 3. CHARLES CLAUDIUS5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born October 28, 1878 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died July 15, 1952 in Bryan Texas Buried at Tyer Cemetery. He married AGNES CROCKETT DUBOIS. Notes for CHARLES CLAUDIUS PITTS: CHARLES CLAUDIUS PITTS (October 28, 1878 - c. 1953). Ordained as a Southern Baptist minister but instead worked as a teacher and as a mail carrier. Served a short prison sentence (two years) for stealing money from the U.S. mail to feed his family during the Great Depression of the 1930's. He married AGNES CROCKETT DUBOIS on June 7, 1908 at Olive Branch, Mississippi. Both were students at Union University in Jackson, Tennessee. Charles had previously attended Ouachita (pronounced Wash-i-taw) Baptist College in Arkadelphia, Arkansas, from 1901 to 1907. He had no money for tuition, but kept attending classes even after the college administration told him to stop going. He maintained that he was called by the Lord to get the education, and kept attending anyway. They had seven children (See Generation VI). He died at the home of his son, Charles Frank Pitts, in Bryan, Texas (c. 1953) and is buried at Pleasant Hill near Cherry Valley, Arkansas. Notes for AGNES CROCKETT DUBOIS: AGNES CROCKETT DUBOIS (September 19, 1889 - ?). Family tradition says that three brothers came from France to America in the early 1600's (about 1630). One went to New York, a second to the "Northwest," and the third to Charleston, South Carolina, where he assisted in organizing the Hugenot community. Agnes DuBois came from this South Carolina branch. The French intermarried most frequently "to keep pure French blood." A number were active in historical events, including the American Revolution. A common family name was Louis DuBois. Members of the family moved to middle Tennessee and Alabama. There, Jacob J. DuBois was born on January 9, 1817 in Tennessee, and moved to Florence, Alabama, as a child. He was ordained a Baptist preacher in 1840. His father had also been a Baptist preacher. He married Lucinda Bruton in N.W. Alabama. In 1859, the family moved to Wilmer, Arkansas. In 1868, they moved to Olive Branch, Mississippi. Their children were: .C. DuBois (August 3, 1838 - ?) Unknown Daughter (September 13, 1840 - ?) Unknown Son (September 17, 1843 - ?) J.W. DuBois (October 6, 1846 - ?) JAMES JACKSON DUBOIS (August 31, 1847 - ?). Jamima Ann Dubois (July 12, 1850 - ?) Henry Alexander DuBois (April 13, 1883 - ?) Baptist Preacher. M.A. DuBois (February 3, 1856 - ?) J. McMinn Dubois (September 1, 1858 - ?) L. Jennie DuBois (October 11, 1861 - ?) JAMES JACKSON DUBOIS married MARY P. GERMANY (born March 10, 1848 near Warren, Arkansas) on December 5, 1868, at Redfield, Arkansas. They had nine children: Emma Caroline DuBois (November 11, 1869 - ?) Jesse Alexander DuBois (August 21, 1871 - ?) Beulah Ann DuBois (March 3, 1874 - ?) Lily Mae DuBois (March 6, 1876 - ?) Minnie Lou DuBois (October 11, 1878 - ?) James Ernest "Togie" DuBois (February 3, 1884 - ?) Buried at Cherry Valley, Arkansas. Mary Ola DuBois (April 8, 1887 - ?) AGNES CROCKETT "MAMA" DUBOIS (September 19, 1889 - 1970's in Jonesboro, Arkansas. Lived most of later years in Harrisburg, Arkansas. Said by her son, Charles Frank Pitts, to have been the most intelligent Pitts he ever met; she could do major math problems in her head. Loved to cook chocolate and lemon pies for her grandchildren. Chocolate pie recipe survives with James Charles Pitts (Generation VII). Never remarried after the death of her husband Charles Claudius Pitts in the 1950's. Frank Leslie DuBois (July 19, 1893 - ?). Children of CHARLES PITTS and AGNES DUBOIS are: i. JAMES EVERETT6 PITTS, b. December 22, 1912; d. January 10, 1927, Buried at Tyer Cemetery. ii. MARY AGNES PITTS. iii. CHARLES FRANK PITTS. 4. GEORGIA MAUD5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 11, 1881 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died Unknown. She married ALBERT SIDNEY BARNES September 01, 1904 in Cross Co. Arkansas. Children of GEORGIA PITTS and ALBERT BARNES are: i. OSCAR6 BARNES. ii. IRENE BARNES, m. DEWEY FAULKNER. iii. EUGENE BARNES. iv. HELEN BARNES, m. WALTER DANIELS, Vestal New York. 5. GUY WESLEY5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born May 20, 1884 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died December 29, 1960 in Jonesboro Arkansas. He married ? LOYON. Notes for GUY WESLEY PITTS: Guy Wesley Pitts (May 20, 1884 - December 29, 1960) Founder of Pitts Music Store, 220 Main Street, Jonesboro, Arkansas. Buried in Jonesboro. Married ? Loyon. Two children: Children of GUY PITTS and ? LOYON are: i. ALMA6 PITTS. ii. GUY WESLEY PITTS, b. September 29, 1919. Notes for GUY WESLEY PITTS: Guy Wesley "G.W." Pitts, Jr. (September 29, 1919 - ). Took over father's music store. In 1936, won Boy's Citizenship Medal from Jonesboro Lions Club. Retired to Memphis, Tennessee. 6. MARY LUCINDA5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born August 25, 1889 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died December 05, 1909 in Cross Co Arkansas. She married ROBERT HARDY STEPHENS Abt. 1906 in Cross Co. Arkansas, son of JAMES STEPHENS and SARAH ALDRICH. Notes for ROBERT HARDY STEPHENS: 1900 Census Mitchell Township Cherry Valley Dwg. 188 Robert Hardy & his brother Charles live together. Next door to Wm & Sarah Faulkner. 1910 Census Mitchell Township Dwg. 69. Hardy & Jewell & Ike, he's a widow. More About ROBERT HARDY STEPHENS: 1900 census lives next to: William Faulkner in Cherry Valley w/brother Charles Child of MARY PITTS and ROBERT STEPHENS is: 14. i. JEWELL ESTELLE6 STEPHENS, b. November 04, 1907, Cross Co Arkansas; d. October 04, 1984, Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. 7. OLLIE TILLMAN5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 01, 1892 in Cherry Valley Arkansas, and died April 10, 1976 in Cherry Valley Arkansas Buried at Misner Cemetery. He married MARIE "PEG" BACON. Child of OLLIE PITTS and MARIE BACON is: i. BERNADINE6 PITTS, b. Unknown. 8. WADE HAMPTON5 PITTS (MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 04, 1901 in Cherry Valley Arkansas, and died December 1969 in Jonesboro Arkansas. He married LAURA ORBISON. Notes for WADE HAMPTON PITTS: Wade Hampton Pitts (July 4, 1901 - ?). In 1927 was a cotton buyer for McFadden Cotton Company in Jonesboro, Arkansas. Married Laura ?. Three children: a. Carolyn Pitts, married Reverend Leroy Summers; moved to St. Louis, Missouri. b. Wade Hampton Pitts, Jr. married LaDawn ?. Graduated U.S. Military Academy at West Point; died in plane crash at Beaumont, Texas around 1970. c. Margaret Pitts graduated William and Mary Branch College, Radford, Virginia, in 1964. Daughter Mildred graduated Northwestern University and resides in Houston, Texas. Children of WADE PITTS and LAURA ORBISON are: i. CAROLYN6 PITTS. ii. WADE HAMPTON PITTS. iii. MARGARET PITTS. Generation No. 3 9. AUTHOR BUFORD6 PITTS (JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born August 25, 1900 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died March 17, 1964 in Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. He married BESSIE IRENE FOUST December 22, 1922 in Cross Co. Arkansas, daughter of JOHN FOUST and NETTIE PRUITT. Children of AUTHOR PITTS and BESSIE FOUST are: i. HANSELL DUANE7 PITTS, b. September 21, 1925; m. LENA MAE STROUPE. ii. DALLAS LAFAYETTE PITTS, b. April 01, 1927, Cross Co Arkansas; d. 1976, Buried at McElroy Cemetery; m. VICKIE BRAWNER. iii. JIMMY JERALD PITTS, b. January 02, 1929; m. NADINE. iv. RUTH JANET PITTS, b. November 28, 1930, Cross Co Arkansas; m. FRED PRUITT, December 09, 1945, Bay Village Arkansas. v. RUBY GENE PITTS, b. November 26, 1932; m. DEWEY CHILDERS. vi. LOUIS BERNARD PITTS, b. August 04, 1934, Cross Co Arkansas; d. February 15, 1937. vii. FONZA YVONNE PITTS, b. December 27, 1936; m. JAMES DAVIS. viii. DIANE PITTS, b. September 13, 1938, Cross Co Arkansas; m. LEON FOUST. ix. BRENDA KAY PITTS, b. September 16, 1943; m. PAUL MELTON. x. LARRY DALE PITTS, b. October 24, 1946; m. MARY FRANCES SLOCUM. 10. LULA F.6 PITTS (JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 30, 1902 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died November 26, 1989 in Cherry Valley Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. She married EMMETT F. MILAM January 17, 1921 in Poinsett Co. Arkansas. Children of LULA PITTS and EMMETT MILAM are: i. HELEN7 MILAM, b. November 30, 1921, Cross Co Arkansas; d. December 1995, Wynne Arkansas; m. WALTER PILCHER, January 23, 1937, Cross Co. Arkansas. ii. FORREST MILAM, b. January 09, 1924; d. November 16, 1992, Cherry Valley Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery; m. EULA MAY MAYBERRY. iii. MAURICE F MILAM, b. January 09, 1924, Cross Co Arkansas; d. 1951, Cross Co Arkansas Buried at Tyer Cemetery; m. DOROTHY WOOD. iv. MARGARET MILAM, b. January 17, 1925, Cross Co Arkansas; m. MILTON MANN. v. JACK MILAM, b. Unknown, Cross Co Arkansas; m. PAULINE GASKIN. vi. JOYCE MILAM, b. Unknown, Cross Co Arkansas; m. JOHN ANDREWS. vii. BOBBIE JEAN MILAM, b. Unknown; m. ROBERT PARKER. viii. CARL DONALD MILAM, b. Unknown, Cross Co Arkansas; m. MARTHA JONES. ix. JERRY MILAM, b. February 04, 1940, Cross Co Arkansas; m. JUDY PHILLIPS. x. MARY MILAM, b. February 04, 1940, Cross Co Arkansas. xi. EMMETT N. MILAM, b. Unknown, Cross Co Arkansas; m. PAULA REICHMAN. 11. JOHN PRESTON "BUCK"6 PITTS (JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born 1905 in Cherry Vallery Arkansas. He married JEWELL ELLIS July 02, 1924 in Cross Co. Arkansas. Children of JOHN PITTS and JEWELL ELLIS are: i. BILLY7 PITTS, b. Unknown, Cross Co Arkansas; m. MAGADALENE SOUTHERLEN. ii. KENNETH PITTS, b. Unknown; m. LENORA WOOLBRIGHT. 12. HAZEL6 PITTS (JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born February 01, 1908 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died March 05, 1995 in Cherry Valley Arkansas. She married (1) HORACE RENFROE February 20, 1926 in Cross Co. Arkansas. She married (2) TONEY COLEY November 26, 1937 in Cross Co. Arkansas. Notes for HAZEL PITTS: Hazel Pitts married ? Renfro; had son Dwight Renfro (born 1933) who blew his hand off at age 8 with a blasting cap. Hazel later married Tony Coley, who had a farm several miles east of McCrory, Arkansas. Hazel taught school at Thomas Schoolhouse in Cherry Vaslley, Arkansas. Children of HAZEL PITTS and HORACE RENFROE are: i. FRANKIE7 RENFROE, b. Unknown. ii. VIRGINIA RENFROE, b. Unknown. iii. BAYNE RENFROE, b. Unknown. iv. WAYNE RENFROE, b. Unknown. v. DWIGHT RENFROE, b. Unknown. vi. MAYO RENFROE, b. Unknown. Children of HAZEL PITTS and TONEY COLEY are: 15. vii. FLEDIA7 COLEY, b. Unknown. viii. LINDA COLEY, b. Unknown; m. BOBBY GRIFFIN. 13. NOVI6 PITTS (JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born June 28, 1910 in Cherry Valley Arkansas. She married GROVER CELVELAND GASKIN November 10, 1928 in Cross Co. Arkansas, son of TOM GASKIN and DELLA. Children of NOVI PITTS and GROVER GASKIN are: 16. i. WILMA TOLLECE7 GASKIN, b. July 18, 1930, Cross Co Arkansas. 17. ii. BARBARA LAVONNE GASKIN, b. July 06, 1933, Cross Co Arkansas. 18. iii. PATSY COLEEN GASKIN, b. April 14, 1936, Cross Co Arkansas. 19. iv. VIVIAN MARCELLA GASKIN, b. October 09, 1940, Cross Co Arkansas. v. MARTHA JO GASKIN, b. January 12, 1954, Cross Co Arkansas; m. BOBBY BAKER. 14. JEWELL ESTELLE6 STEPHENS (MARY LUCINDA5 PITTS, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born November 04, 1907 in Cross Co Arkansas, and died October 04, 1984 in Cross Co Arkansas Buried in Tyer Cemetery. She married GROVER CLEVELAND HOLCOMB October 25, 1928 in Cross Co. Arkansas, son of ELISHA HOLCOMB and LULA TYER. Children of JEWELL STEPHENS and GROVER HOLCOMB are: i. MAY FRANCES7 HOLCOMB, b. February 03, 1930, Cross Co Arkansas; m. JIMMY FIELD. ii. RALPH WENDELL HOLCOMB, b. July 06, 1933. Generation No. 4 15. FLEDIA7 COLEY (HAZEL6 PITTS, JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born Unknown. She married BENNY SMITH. Child of FLEDIA COLEY and BENNY SMITH is: i. ROLLAND MORRIS8 SMITH, b. Unknown. 16. WILMA TOLLECE7 GASKIN (NOVI6 PITTS, JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 18, 1930 in Cross Co Arkansas. She married FORREST DAVID BYNUM June 03, 1949. Children of WILMA GASKIN and FORREST BYNUM are: i. MICHAEL DAVID8 BYNUM, b. May 14, 1950. ii. JAMES GROVER BYNUM, b. June 19, 1956. iii. PHILLIP HAROLD BYNUM, b. December 24, 1957. iv. ROXY ANN BYNUM, b. July 05, 1960. 17. BARBARA LAVONNE7 GASKIN (NOVI6 PITTS, JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born July 06, 1933 in Cross Co Arkansas. She married KENNETH HAMRICK June 07, 1954. Children of BARBARA GASKIN and KENNETH HAMRICK are: i. HOLLY CAROL8 HAMRICK, b. October 23, 1955. ii. RICHARD DAVID HAMRICK, b. April 30, 1957. 18. PATSY COLEEN7 GASKIN (NOVI6 PITTS, JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born April 14, 1936 in Cross Co Arkansas. She married THOMAS JOE DOBSON January 06, 1955. Children of PATSY GASKIN and THOMAS DOBSON are: i. JOHN STEPHEN8 DOBSON, b. April 18, 1956. ii. MARK WARREN DOBSON, b. June 10, 1958. 19. VIVIAN MARCELLA7 GASKIN (NOVI6 PITTS, JAMES MOSES5, MOSES4, MOSES CHELSEY3, AARON2, WILLIAM1) was born October 09, 1940 in Cross Co Arkansas. She married JESSE CHARLES JACKSON November 21, 1959. Children of VIVIAN GASKIN and JESSE JACKSON are: i. THOMAS CHARLES8 JACKSON, b. November 23, 1960. ii. JONATHAN LESLIE JACKSON, b. October 16, 1962.