ROBBINS-AGNEW:Information about AlexanderII, 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland
AlexanderII, 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland (b. 24 Aug 1198, d. 06 Jul 1249)
Notes for AlexanderII, 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland:Alexander II of Scotland
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Alexander II (August 24, 1198 – July 6, 1249), king of Scotland, son of William I, the Lion, and of Ermengarde of Beaumont, was born at Haddington, East Lothian, in 1198, and succeeded to the kingdom on the death of his father on 4 December 1214.
The year after his accession the clans MacWilliam and MacHeth, inveterate enemies of the Scottish crown, broke into revolt; but loyalist forces speedily quelled the insurrection. In the same year Alexander joined the English barons in their struggle against John I of England, and led an army into the Kingdom of England in support of their cause; but after John's death, on the conclusion of peace between his youthful son Henry III of England and the French prince Louis VIII of France, the Scottish king joined in the pacification. Diplomacy further strengthened the reconciliation by the marriage of Alexander to Henry's sister Joan of England on June 18 or June 25, 1221.
The next year marked the subjection of the hitherto semi-independent district of Argyll. Royal forces crushed a revolt in Galloway in 1235 without difficulty; nor did an invasion attempted soon afterwards by its exiled leaders meet with success. Soon afterwards a claim for homage from Henry of England drew forth from Alexander a counter-claim to the northern English counties. The two kingdoms, however, settled this dispute by a compromise in 1237.
Joanna died in March, 1238 in Essex, and in the following year, 1239, Alexander remarried. His second wife was Mary of Coucy (Marie de Coucy). The marriage took place on May 15, 1239, and produced one son, the future Alexander III, born in 1241.
A threat of invasion by Henry in 1243 for a time interrupted the friendly relations between the two countries; but the prompt action of Alexander in anticipating his attack, and the disinclination of the English barons for war, compelled him to make peace next year at Newcastle. Alexander now turned his attention to securing the Western Isles, which still owed a nominal allegiance to Norway. He successively attempted negotiations and purchase, but without success. Alexander next attempted to dissuade Ewen, the son of Duncan, Lord of Argyll, to sever his allegiance to Haakon IV of Norway. Ewen rejected these attempts, and Alexander sailed forth to compel him.
But on the way he suffered a fever at the Isle of Kerrera in the Inner Hebrides, and died there in 1249. He was buried at Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire. His son Alexander III succeeded him as King of Scots.
Alexander II 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland1 (M)
b. 24 August 1198, d. 6 July 1249, #102528
Pedigree
Last Edited=11 May 2004
Consanguinity Index=0.4%
Alexander II 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland was born on 24 August 1198 in Haddington, East Lothian, Scotland.2 He was the son of William I 'the Lion', King of Scotland and Ermengarde de Beaumont. He married, firstly, Joan of England, daughter of John I 'Lackland', King of England and Isabella d'Angoulême, on 18 June 1221 in York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England.2 He married, secondly, Mary de Coucy, daughter of Enguerrand III, Lord de Coucy and Mary de Montmirel-en-Brie, on 15 May 1239 in Roxburgh, Scotland.3 He died on 6 July 1249 at age 50 in Isle of Kerrara, Argyllshire, Scotland.3 He was buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire, Scotland.3
Alexander II 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland gained the title of King Alexander II of Scotland on 4 December 1214.2 He was crowned King of Scotland on 6 December 1214 in Scone Abbey, Scone, Perthshire, Scotland.2 He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Dictionary.4
Child of Alexander II 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland
Marjorie
Child of Alexander II 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland and Mary de Coucy
Alexander III 'the Glorius', King of Scotland+ b. 4 Sep 1241, d. 19 Mar 1286
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 198. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 199.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995), reference "Alexander II, 1198-1249". Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
Children of AlexanderII, 'the Peaceful', King of Scotland and Marie de Coucy are:
- +AlexanderIII, King of Scotland, b. 04 Sep 1241, Roxburgh, Borders, Scotland, d. 19 Mar 1286.