Barbara Harrison and Daniel Terris, A Twilight Struggle, The Life of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, New York, NY: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1992.
Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, An American Saga, (New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1987).
Joseph Patrick Kennedy Birth Certificate No. 123-4567 Registrar's No. 123 10 September 1888.
Patrick Joseph Kennedy to Mary Augusta Hickey Marriage entry 23 November 1887 Registrar of the Church of the Sacred Heart, Boston, MA.
Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, Times to Remember, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1974.
