Notes for Malcolm II King of Scots: Malcolm ll was crowned king on 25 MAR 1005. In 1008, he fought a battle at Carham with Uchtred, son of WALTHEOF, Earl of the Northumbrians. He also overcame the Danes in 1017. He published the first Code of Laws. He reigned for 30 years, dying when he was past 80 years of age. (Sources: "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists", p 145; "Binghan. C., "Kings and Queens of Scotland", pp. 9 - 10). According to the Irish Annals, he was honored among all men in Western Europe. However, he was also said to be ruthless, guileful, and cunning. when the Norseman died on the Irish field of Clontarf, his lands were divided between the Mormaer of Moray and his son by Malcolm's daughter. Later, Malcolm allied himself with the King of Strathclyde, and together they burnt all of Northumbria between the Tweed and the Tees. the Strathclyde king then died, and Malcolm filled the throne with his grandson, Dunan, son of the Abbot of Dunkeld, calling him King of all cumbria. an Anglo-Danish army came north led by Canute, and seized Lothian from Duncan. Malcolm was then murdered at Glamis by some of his nobles. As Canute's army rode in escape across the frozen loch, the ice broke and they were all drowned. From Malcolm's time on, succession followed primogeniture. (Source: Prebble, John, "The Lion in the North, 1,000 Years of Scotland's History", pp. 29 -20).