Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

George III of Great Britain, in 1775/1776, desperately seeking to retain control of British North America, signed treaties with a number of principalities in what is now Germany to supply troops to defend English interests in this part of the world. One of those units was a single company of the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps commanded by Captain Georg Pausch.

According to the published book "Journal of Captain Pausch", translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne, and published by Heritage Press, Inc. (ISBN: 0788405314), the Hanau Artillery Corp's journey to Canada began on the 15th day of May 1776, and by August 19th the city of Quebec was reached. At the time of arrival, instructions were received to continue upstream to Three Rivers (Trois Riviere). From this point on the Artillery men, leaving the ships, continued with smaller boats to Chambly and awaited their equipment. All the companies were distributed to a number of infantry regiments in different locations.

During the following weeks until early October the men were trained on English cannons in preparation for real action, which was to follow very soon. The Americans were still in possession of a large part of Lake Champlain, and posed a threat to Canada. On Oct.11th, the British fought the Americans in the famous sea battle of Vancour Island, which, when it was over, the British claimed as a victory, with the Hanau artillery under Pausch earning their first honors during the battle. Following the fighting on and around Lake Champlain, orders were received to return to winter quarters in Canada. The Hanau Artillery stayed around Montreal until the next summer.

In June of 1777 the Burgoyne army assembled at Fort Chambly, planning to fight its way south to Albany, NY., to split the colonies in half and put an end to the Revolution. This expedition turned out to be a terrible mistake.

The best information available indicates that John Mathias Haupt was a Hessian soldier who became a prisoner of war when General John Burgoyne surrendered his force of 6,000 men, which included the Brunswick Regiment and the Hesse-Hanau Erbprinz Regiment (also mistakenly known as the Hesse- Hanau Leib Grenadier regiment) to American General Horatio Gates at Saratoga (now Schuylerville, NY) on October 17, 1777. The captured regiments were subsequently marched to the Winterhill area near Boston where they spent the winter of 1777, a period of time during which the ranks of the Continental Army's undermanned Armand's Legion were finally filled. From his Revolutionary War pension application and the "Compiled Service Records of Soldiers who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M881, roll 0062 of 1096 rolls)" John Mathias Haupt is known to have joined Armand's Legion at Boston on May 12, 1778 and to have served with it in the Continental Army until American Independence was secured. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. Based on the historical record concerning the creation of Armand's Legion (see discussion below) and the fact that John Mathias joined the Revolutionary Forces in Boston rather than in Pennsylvania where Ostendorf's Corps (predecessor to the Legion) was raised, it seems clear that he was indeed one of the captured Hessians who, when given the opportunity, rallied to the patriot cause.

There is significant documentary evidence to support this conclusion.

One of the major events in genealogical research into the descendents of Hessian soldiers occurred in 1976 with the publication of the "HETRINA" (Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhangigkeitskrieg). It is a compilation of the names of soldiers by Dr. Inge Auerbach of the Staatsarchiv (State Archives) in Marburg (Hessen) Germany. The soldiers' names were drawn from the "mass und rangierliste" (the regiment lists from 1776 and 1785) and the regiment monthly reports of personnel changes. The information included gives the soldier's name, town, approximate year of birth, rank, regiment, date and type of event. As an example, if the soldier deserted, this would be indicated along with the date of the desertion. The first 4 volumes (organized by regiment) provide the names of the Hessen-Cassel regiments, volume 5, the Waldeck troops and volume 6, those of Hessen-Hanau. The HETRINA series (on microfilm) can be accessed through the LDS Family History Centers.

Hetrina VI lists a Mathias Haupt as a Canonier with the Hanau Artillery which was attached to the Hessen-Hanauisches Regiment Erbprinz. He was born in Strassburg (city on the Rhine River which is now a part of France). His age is given as being 20 years old in 1777 which makes his year of birth approximately 1756/57. That is within reason for the 1753 estimate obtained from his Revolutionary War pensions files. He is listed in Hetrina as having deserted the Hessen-Hanauisches Artillery Corps in May of 1778 which places him in Boston (Winter Hill) with the Convention Troops.

In Monograph No. 5 of Clifford Neal Smith - Mercenaries from Hanau, there is an entry indicating that "Haupt, Mathias, Strassburg, 20, deserted from Winterhill 15 May 1778 and entered enemy (American) service at Boston.

The Muster Roll for Captain Caludius Le Bert's Company of Col. Armand's Legion dated July 7, 1779 lists Private Mathias Haupt as having enlisted for three years on May 13, 1778. His name appears again on the Muster Roll for August 1779 signed on September 6, 1779. (Roll 115, Ancestry.com. U.S. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls); War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; National Archives, Washington. D.C.

"Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War", Volume 7 of 17, Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth, Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co., 1896 has an entry on page 534 which reads "Mallis Houbt. Private, Col Armand's Legion (Independent Corps taken into Continental Service, agreeable to resolve of June 25, 1778); list dated July _ 1778" The name is clearly transcribed / spelled incorrectly, but the individual so listed is believed to be one and the same as the Mathias Haupt listed in Hetrina and Monograph No. 5.

According to historical records in the U.S. National Archives John Mathias Haupt served in Armand's Legion during Revolutionary War, having enlisted in 1777-1778 at Boston, Massachusetts. He was discharged at York, Pennsylvania in 1783. His request for a pension based on service in the war was first mentioned in the Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, volume 8, page 315 transcript of the April 28, 1812 proceedings and again on the page 568 transcript of the December 1, 1812 proceedings. There is no record that the request was acted upon and he was not granted a pension until it was finally allowed on a new application dated April 15, 1818. The War of 1812 likely contributed to the delay.

By way of background, on May 10, 1777 the Continental Congress commissioned Charles Armand Tuffin, Marquis de la Rouerie of France as a Colonel and later authorized him to raise a Corp of foreign volunteers. The unit was actually a successor to Ottendorf's Corps which "... was composed, nearly altogether, of Pennsylvania Germans from Pennsylvania itself and from Loudon County, Virginia." [page 86, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg Richard's History of German-Americans in the American Revolution, edited by Don Heinrich Tolzmann, c. 1992 Heritage Books, Inc., 1540-E Pointer Ridge Place, Bowie, MD 20716, Phone (301) 390-7709 ISBN 1-55613-596-3.

Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf was a German mercenary who began fighting in the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans, having been authorized by Congress to raise a Corps of troops on December 5, 1776. The Corps was organized 9 December 1776-1 June 1777 in eastern Pennsylvania and consisted of five companies, including Captain John Paul Schott's Independent Company (authorized 6 September 1776). After Washington relieved him of duty in 1777, Ottendorf deserted and joined the British army under the leadership of Sir Henry Clinton.

Colonel Armand's role in this story begins on May 10, 1777 when the Continental Congress resolved that he "have a commission, with the rank and pay of a major or colonel, and that he be directed to repair to General Washington" who at that time was in the area of White Plains, N.Y. Washington promptly gave him command of Ottendorf's Corps. On June 25, 1778 the Continental Congress, acting on a report from the Board of War, ratified the recommendations already implemented in part by General Washington that

"Colo. Armand, Marquis de la Rouerie, at present commanding the Independent Corps, formerly raised by Major Ottendorf, be authorized to recruit for the purpose of compleating the said Corps, Deserters from the Enemy's foreign Troops, French Men, and others not owing Allegiance to the King of Great Britain, upon the same Terms as other Troops raised on the Continental Establishment for three Years or during the War.

That the said Corps be distinguished by the Name of The Free and Independent Chasseurs.

That it consist of Three Companies, formed and Commanded as follows, vizt.:

Each company to consist of one Captain, 1 Captn. Lieut., 2 Lieuts., 8 Sergeants, 8 Corporals, 2 Drummers, 128 Privates.

Regimentary Officers, 1 Colo., 1 Major, 1 Regimental Standard Bearer, or Ensign Major, with the Rank and Pay of Lieut.

So that the whole will be composed as follows, viz:

One Colonel

1 Major

3 Captains

3 Capt. Lieuts

6 Lieuts

1 Ensign Major

14 Commn. Officers

24 Sergeants

24 Corporals

6 Drummers or horn sounders

384 Privates

438 Non-Comd. and Privates

That Genl. Washington be authorized to appoint as Officers to the said Corps, such Officers of Merit as are at present in it, and such other foreign Officers of Merit as at present hold Commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other Corps, on the propose arrangement of the army.

That this Corps when raised shall act in concert with Genl. Pulaski's Legion in such manner as Genl. Washington shall deem best

That if any French, or other Foreigners (not Deserters from the Enemy) shall Enlist in the said Corps, the State in which such Troops shall so enlist shall be credited in their Continental Quota for such Recruits as they shall think proper to allow the State Bounty in addition to that allowed by the United States.

And whereas, Congress have received Information that several Foreign Deserters from the Enemy's Troops and Prisoners of War have been enlisted in the Regiments rais'd by the Respective States, contrary to the Resolutions of Congress, but injurious to the interests of these States.

Resolved, That Genl. Washington be directed to order Returns to be made from the Regiments of such Deserters and Prisoners of War; and that they be turn'd over to such Companies of Genl. Pulaski's Legion, or of the Free and Independent Chasseurs as they shall prefer.

That the sum of Dollars be advanced by the Treasury to the Order of the Board of War to be by the said Board paid from Time to Time to Colo Armand or his order for the purpose of recruiting the said corps.

That none of the said Foreign Officers, to be appointed in the said corps, shall receive any higher pay than what is annexed to the Commands they may respectively be appointed to, by Virtue of any Brevet Commission which may have been granted by the Resolutions of Congress of the 2d February last."

and resolved

"that the independent corps raised by Colonel Armand, in consequence of General Washington's permission, be taken into continental pay; the pay to commence from the time of the respective inlistments of the non-commissioned officers and privates engaged in the same:

That General Washington be authorized to officer this corps with such foreign and other officers of merit as at present hold commissions, and who are not already and cannot be annexed to other corps on the proposed arrangement of the army:

That if any of the states shall think proper to allow to the non-commissioned officers and privates, who have or shall inlist in Colonel Armand's corps, the bounty allowed by them respectively, in addition to the continental bounty, the men so engaged shall be credited as part of the quota of the State who shall allow the additional bounty:

That the sum of five thousand dollars be paid to the Board of War, to be by them advanced to Colonel Armand, towards paying the continental bounty and recruiting charges of the said corps; for which sum, Colonel Armand is to be accountable."

With the creation of Armand's Legion, Ottendorf's Corps was broken broken up and its elements reorganized and redesignated as Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Independent Companies, elements of the Middle Department. The Company previously under the personal command of Ottendorf was placed under Armand and formed the nucleus of the new Armand's Legion.

The surviving elements subsequently underwent changes as follows:

Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse relieved 3 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army; relieved 1 January 1781 from the Main Army and assigned to the Southern Department and concurrently consolidated with Armand's Legion.

Captains John Paul Schott's and Anthony Selin's Companies relieved 1 January 1781 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Main Army and concurrently consolidated with the 2d Canadian Regiment.

Details concerning these events can be found in the following publication:

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Wright, Robert K., 1946-

The Continental Army.

(Army lineage series)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

1. United States. Continental Army-History. 2. United States-History-Revolution, 1775-1783-Campaigns and battles.

I. Title. II. Series.

UA25.W84 1983 355.3'0973 82-16472

First Printed 1983-CMH Pub 60-4

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402

The following extracts are taken from the book:

"On 15 September 1777 Congress answered Washington's long-standing request for a cavalry commander on a par with Knox. He had been hoping to find another foreign volunteer who could upgrade the effectiveness of the mounted arm in the same way that Duportail was improving the engineers. Casimir Pulaski, a Pole, consequently became Commander of Horse and a brigadier general. Shortly thereafter Francois-Louis Teisseidre, the Marquis de Fleury, assumed the position of brigade major for the light dragoons, and the four regiments went into winter quarters at Trenton. Washington and Pulaski used the winter to begin transforming the troopers into an offensive force. Pulaski established a riding school to train the horses and men in European shock action, including cut-and-thrust saber tactics. The large organization approved by Congress on 27 May 1778 reflected a desire to implement this transition. Unfortunately, Pulaski clashed with his American officers and resigned as Commander of Horse on 28 March 1778. Washington never found a replacement, and the strategic changes after Monmouth led him to restore the light dragoons to a reconnaissance role.

Although the light dragoons did not develop into a European-style cavalry force, the Continental Army introduced a number of other light units patterned after the European partisan corps, which had emerged in the Seven Years' War. The partisan corps, or legion, was a recent European development designed primarily to conduct raids on enemy rear areas. Maj. Nicholas Dietrich, Baron de Ottendorf, a Saxon veteran of the Prussian Army, commanded the first of these units. On 5 December 1776 Congress ordered him to recruit one company of chasseurs (light infantry) and two of jaegers (riflemen). A fourth company was added in April 1777. Most of the officers were foreign volunteers, but the enlisted men came from the German-American community. After Ottendorf deserted, Congress placed Col. Charles Armand Tuffin, the Marquis de la Rouerie (known in America as Colonel Armand), in command. It also told him to raise a partisan corps of 200 Frenchmen on 19 May, but he did not fill it in.

When General Pulaski resigned his command, Congress allowed him to raise an "independent corps." It consisted of a troop of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry organized into a legion. The cadre for the troop came from light dragoons he had trained at Trenton. Congress authorized another independent corps on 7 April 1778 to reward Capt. Henry Lee for excellent service on the lines around Philadelphia. It promoted Lee to major, withdrew his troop from the 1st Continental Light Dragoons, and expanded it first into two troops and then into three on 28 May. Lee used the small light dragoon organization of 1777, which was appropriate for reconnaissance. Armand finally recruited his Free and Independent Chasseurs after Congress approved an organization for it on 25 June 1778. It consisted of three large companies based on Marshal Maurice de Saxe's concept of the legion. Each contained 4 officers, 8 noncommissioned officers, 2 drummers (or horn players), and 128 privates.

At the end of 1778 the Main Army had three partisan corps. Lee's, an American force, was entirely mounted; Pulaski's (usually operating with the remnants of Ottendorf's companies) was a combined arms unit; and Armand's consisted entirely of infantry. Pulaski's and Armand's corps contained large foreign contingents. When Washington and Congress concluded that the most efficient partisan organization contained balanced numbers of mounted and dismounted men, Congress annexed Capt. Allen McLane's infantry company (formerly of Patton's Additional Regiment) to Lee on 13 July 1779. On 14 February 1780 it added seventy more men to form a total of three dismounted troops. The success of this experiment led Congress to rescind an earlier directive disbanding Pulaski's corps and to consolidate it with Armand's on 23 February." [pages 132-134]

The unit lineage, preceded by clarifying comments on lineages, is also found in the same book which has been published on the US Army Center of Military History's Web Site:

"The unit lineages which follow first appeared in 1983 in the Center's published book, The Continental Army. They are posted here to provide soldiers, researchers and genealogists with expanded access. The format used is adapted from that used for the official Lineage and Honors Certificates prepared by the U.S. Army Center of Military History with two differences: the data have been summarized to save space, and the format modified to fit the peculiarities of the Revolutionary War.

Engagements cited in these lineages are not those used for the official named campaigns of the United States Army and cited on the Center's Lineage and Honors Certificates. Instead, the engagements in this listing are more specific and are provided to give users more precise assistance in conducting further research.

LIGHT DRAGOONS, PARTISAN CORPS, AND LEGIONARY CORPS

1st PARTISAN CORPS (Armand's Legion)

LINEAGE:

Organized in winter and spring 1778 at Boston, Massachusetts, as a partisan corps under the command of Colonel Charles Armand Tuffin, recruited primarily from foreign volunteers.

Adopted 25 June 1778 into the Continental Army as the Free and Independent Chasseurs, to

consist of three companies, and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 3 August 1778 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Expanded 9 November 1778 to consist of four companies.

Relieved 24 November 1778 from the Main Army and assigned to the Middle Department.

Relieved 30 June 1779 from the Middle Department and assigned to the Highlands Department.

Relieved 23 December 1779 from the Highlands Department and assigned to the Main Army.

Consolidated 23 February 1780 with Pulaski's Legion and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as Armand's Legion, an element of the Southern Department, to consist of five companies.

Consolidated 1 January 1781 with Captain Henry Bedkin's Independent Troop of Light Horse and consolidated unit reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Partisan Corps, to consist of three mounted and three dismounted troops.

Relieved 11 March 1783 from the Southern Department and assigned to the Middle Department.

Disbanded 25 November 1783 at York, Pennsylvania.

ENGAGEMENTS:

New York 1778

New York 1779

Defense of the Carolinas

Yorktown

[Wright pp 347-348]

____

John Mathias Haupt worshiped at the following Baltimore Churches:

St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral: The first Catholic Church established in the Baltimore environs was the Church of St. Peter, in 1770. When Baltimore was made a diocese in 1789, it became the first Pro-Cathedral. It stood at the Corner of Saratoga and Little Sharp streets. It was closed in 1841. Its records are part of the Basilica of the Assumption.

Cathedral of the Assumption / Basilica of the Assumption / Co-Cathedral: This Church was established in 1806 at the Corner of Cathedral and Mulberry streets. It served the Catholic population in the Western section of Baltimore for many years. The Church was raised to the rank of a Basilica in 1937. It became the Co-Cathedral, when the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen was erected in 1959.

____

Appears to be same as John M. Haupt listed in 1830 U.S. Census for Baltimore, MD 11th Ward FHC 0020631 page 418. Household consisted of :

Male 70-79 1

Female 15-19 2

20-29 3

60-69 1

-------------

Mentioned as receiving pension payment on 3/4/1836 in:

Selected Final Pension Payment Vouchers, 1818-1864: Maryland: Baltimore? - Page 87

by Alycon Trubey Pierce - Reference - 1997 - 263 pages

Haupt, John Maryland 1818 Baltimore, Md., 4 Mar 1836, John M. Haupt [signature]

(former private in Rev), resident of this city about 33 years and previous ...

Limited preview - About this book - Add to my library

Notes for Rosallia Haupt:

General Notes:

Her father's Revolutionary War pension application describes her as dumb and helpless.

Notes for Rosallia Haupt:

General Notes:

Her father's Revolutionary War pension application describes her as dumb and helpless.

Notes for George Haupt:

General Notes:

Post Jan 1846 death date based on name appearing in January 1847fire company advertisement.

George received a grant of 160 acres of land in Illinois on 27 March 1818 under Bounty Land Warrant #4450 for service during the War of 1812 between August 13, 1814 and May 12, 1815 in Captain Moses Swett's Company, Corps of Artillery. FYI: Moses Swett was a professional soldier and is listed on page 940 of Heitman's Historical Register, 1903 [Full title: United States Army from its organization September, 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903 by Frances B. Heitman (Washington, Government Printing Office: 1903)]. On May 12, 1814, when the War of 1812 was at its height, the First, Second and Third Regiments of Artillery were consolidated into a single corps, known as the U.S. Corps of Artillery, under the act of March 30, 1814. The Corps consisted of twelve battalions with 48 companies of 123 men each. These units were assigned to coastal artillery posts from the Great Lakes to New Orleans. This organization continued until 1821 when the Corps was reorganized into four regiments of artillery. George and his unit may have departed Baltimore shortly after his enlistment since the record of the Battle of Baltimore (Bombardment of Fort McHenry) indicates that only one company of United States' artillery, under Captain Evans was present. The remaining artillerymen at the fort were members of the Maryland Militia. George's brother John Mathias Haupt was one of those volunteers. Since George was discharged in New York it is likely that his company served in that area.

There is no indication that George Haupt ever went to Illinois to actually farm the land he received. Land patents were negotiable instruments and were commonly traded and sold on the open market. Benjamin Hibbard, an American public lands historian, has suggested that the government chose to set the land districts up in frontier areas such as Illinois because it thought it would be useful to have battle-hardened war veterans & their families acting as buffers between established settlements further to the east and the Native American population. The veterans were too smart to fall for that one, and most chose to sell their patents to land speculators. That appears to what was done by George Haupt. In 1859 a reward was offered for information concerning the heirs of the person who bought a second tract of land from him in 1818 that had been granted to him as the half-brother and heir of John Wiant.

George Haupt is not listed in his father's 1820 Revolutionary War pension application which is consistent with documentation indicating that he had married in 1816 and was thus already out of home. This is in marked contrast with reference to his brother Mathias who is described as without business and residing with applicant. The 1819 Baltimore City Directory (LDS FHC Microfiche 6043577) lists George as a tabacconist [same profession as listed on Army Discharge Certificate] on Dutch Alley in Baltimore.

George Haupt is listed in 11/25/1826 rolls of volunteer fire company.

The November 27,1830 - August 22, 1838 date for death is based on his mention as the now living son in Revolutionary War Widow's Pension application of the later date by his mother Elizabeth; however, that might be erroneous since his brother Mathias was then living and she may have mistakenly given George's birth date rather than his. Baltimore city directories have no listing for George Haupt after 1827; there is however a George Haupt listed as the head of household in the 1830 Census, residing with his family in the 11th Ward (page 427). The age of the males suggests that the individual is George's son George, Jr. rather than the son of the Revolutionary War soldier himself. There was also a legal notice indicating that George Haupt file a petition of insolvency (bankrupcy) on November 27, 1830.

Burial Records of Old St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral Cemetery, Baltimore, MD FHL 0013702 list burial of stillborn child on 10/24/?? (need to recheck for year)

It is believed George had an additional son by name of John Mathias Haupt born in 1819. The 1830 US Census for Baltimore has a listing of three males between ages 10 and 15 which would support the theory. The 1850 also has a listing for John Mathias Haupt (mis-spelled Hopp) with adults appearing to be siblings George and Mary in the same household. That John Mathias Haupt would be connection of this Haupt line with the Haupt line of Elizabeth Haupt, mother of James P. Woerner, Jr. compiler of this data.

Ancestry.com. U.S. Army, Register of Enlistments, 1798-1914 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Register of Enlistments in the U.S. Army, 1798-1914; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M233, 81 rolls); Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1780’s-1917, Record Group 94; National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Notes for George Haupt:

General Notes:

Post Jan 1846 death date based on name appearing in January 1847fire company advertisement.

George received a grant of 160 acres of land in Illinois on 27 March 1818 under Bounty Land Warrant #4450 for service during the War of 1812 between August 13, 1814 and May 12, 1815 in Captain Moses Swett's Company, Corps of Artillery. FYI: Moses Swett was a professional soldier and is listed on page 940 of Heitman's Historical Register, 1903 [Full title: United States Army from its organization September, 29, 1789 to March 2, 1903 by Frances B. Heitman (Washington, Government Printing Office: 1903)]. On May 12, 1814, when the War of 1812 was at its height, the First, Second and Third Regiments of Artillery were consolidated into a single corps, known as the U.S. Corps of Artillery, under the act of March 30, 1814. The Corps consisted of twelve battalions with 48 companies of 123 men each. These units were assigned to coastal artillery posts from the Great Lakes to New Orleans. This organization continued until 1821 when the Corps was reorganized into four regiments of artillery. George and his unit may have departed Baltimore shortly after his enlistment since the record of the Battle of Baltimore (Bombardment of Fort McHenry) indicates that only one company of United States' artillery, under Captain Evans was present. The remaining artillerymen at the fort were members of the Maryland Militia. George's brother John Mathias Haupt was one of those volunteers. Since George was discharged in New York it is likely that his company served in that area.

There is no indication that George Haupt ever went to Illinois to actually farm the land he received. Land patents were negotiable instruments and were commonly traded and sold on the open market. Benjamin Hibbard, an American public lands historian, has suggested that the government chose to set the land districts up in frontier areas such as Illinois because it thought it would be useful to have battle-hardened war veterans & their families acting as buffers between established settlements further to the east and the Native American population. The veterans were too smart to fall for that one, and most chose to sell their patents to land speculators. That appears to what was done by George Haupt. In 1859 a reward was offered for information concerning the heirs of the person who bought a second tract of land from him in 1818 that had been granted to him as the half-brother and heir of John Wiant.

George Haupt is not listed in his father's 1820 Revolutionary War pension application which is consistent with documentation indicating that he had married in 1816 and was thus already out of home. This is in marked contrast with reference to his brother Mathias who is described as without business and residing with applicant. The 1819 Baltimore City Directory (LDS FHC Microfiche 6043577) lists George as a tabacconist [same profession as listed on Army Discharge Certificate] on Dutch Alley in Baltimore.

George Haupt is listed in 11/25/1826 rolls of volunteer fire company.

The November 27,1830 - August 22, 1838 date for death is based on his mention as the now living son in Revolutionary War Widow's Pension application of the later date by his mother Elizabeth; however, that might be erroneous since his brother Mathias was then living and she may have mistakenly given George's birth date rather than his. Baltimore city directories have no listing for George Haupt after 1827; there is however a George Haupt listed as the head of household in the 1830 Census, residing with his family in the 11th Ward (page 427). The age of the males suggests that the individual is George's son George, Jr. rather than the son of the Revolutionary War soldier himself. There was also a legal notice indicating that George Haupt file a petition of insolvency (bankrupcy) on November 27, 1830.

Burial Records of Old St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral Cemetery, Baltimore, MD FHL 0013702 list burial of stillborn child on 10/24/?? (need to recheck for year)

It is believed George had an additional son by name of John Mathias Haupt born in 1819. The 1830 US Census for Baltimore has a listing of three males between ages 10 and 15 which would support the theory. The 1850 also has a listing for John Mathias Haupt (mis-spelled Hopp) with adults appearing to be siblings George and Mary in the same household. That John Mathias Haupt would be connection of this Haupt line with the Haupt line of Elizabeth Haupt, mother of James P. Woerner, Jr. compiler of this data.

Ancestry.com. U.S. Army, Register of Enlistments, 1798-1914 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2007. Original data: Register of Enlistments in the U.S. Army, 1798-1914; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M233, 81 rolls); Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1780’s-1917, Record Group 94; National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

Death Notice appearing in Baltimore Morning Sun on February 28, 1867 states "he was one of the Old Defenders in the War of 1812"

War of 1812 Muster Rolls, an online database published by Ancestry, Inc. indicates that a Private Matthias Haupt served in the 1 Regt Artillery (Harris') of the Maryland Militia during the War of 1812. See http//www.ancestry.com/ for details.

See the following website for a firsthand account of the defense of Fort McHenry:

http://www.hillsdale.edu/academics/history/Documents/War/America/1812/East/1814-McHenry-Armistead.htm

It speaks of the involvement of volunteer artillery companies from Baltimore:

Lieutenant-Colonel G. Armistead, USA, to the Secretary of War

Fort McHenry, 24 September 1814

A severe indisposition, the effect of great fatigue and exposure, has prevented me

heretofore from presenting you with an account of the attack on this post. On the night

of Saturday the 10th instant, the British fleet, consisting of ships of the line, heavy

frigates and bomb vessels, amounting in the whole to 30 sail, appeared at the mouth of

the river Patapsco, with every indication of an attempt upon the city of Baltimore. My

own force consisted of one company of United States' artillery, under captain Evans,

and two companies of sea-fencibles, under captains Bunbury and Addison. Of these

three companies, 35 men were unfortunately on the sick list, and unfit for duty. I had

been furnished with two companies of volunteer artillery from the city of Baltimore

under captain Berry and lieutenant commandant Pennington. To these I must add

another very fine company of volunteer artillerists, under judge Nicholson, who had

profered their services to aid in the defence of this post whenever an attack might be

apprehended; and also a detachment from commodore Barney's flotilla, under

lieutenant Redman. Brigadier general Winder had also furnished me with about 600

infantry, under the command of lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, consisting

of detachments from the 12th, 14th, 36th, and 38th regiments of United States'

troops-the total amounting to about 1000 effective men.

On Monday morning, very early, it was perceived that the enemy was landing troops

on the east side of the Patapsco, distance about ten miles. During that day and the

ensuing night, he had brought sixteen ships (including five bomb ships) within about two

miles and a half of this fort. I had arranged my force as follows:-the regular artillerists

under captain Evans, and the volunteers under captain Nicholson, manned the bastions

in the Star Fort. Captains Bunbury's , Addison's, Rodman's, Berry's, and lieutenant

commandant Pennington's commands were stationed on the lower works, and the

infantry, under lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, were in the outer ditch, to

meet the enemy at his landing, should he attempt one.

On Tuesday morning, about sun-rise, the enemy commenced the attack from his five

bomb vessels, at the distance of about two miles, and kept up an incessant and well

directed bombardment. We immediately opened our batteries, and kept up a brisk fire

from our guns and mortars, but unfortunately our shot and shells all fell considerably

short of him. This was to me a most distressing circumstance; as it left us exposed to a

constant and tremendous shower of shells, without the most remote possibility of our

doing him the slightest injury. It affords me the highest gratification to state, that though

we were left thus exposed, and thus inactive, not a man shrunk from the conflict.

About two o'clock PM one of the 24 pounders of the southwest bastion, under the

immediate command of captain Nicholson, was dismounted by a shell, the explosion

from which killed his second lieutenant, and wounded several of his men; the bustle

necessarily produced in removing the wounded and replacing the gun, probably

induced the enemy to suspect we were in a state of confusion, as he brought in three of

his bomb ships, to what I believed to be good striking distance. I immediately ordered

a fire to be opened, which was obeyed with alacrity through the whole garrison, and in

half an hour those intruders again sheltered themselves by withdrawing beyond our

reach. We gave three cheers, and again ceased firing-The enemy continued throwing

shells, with one or two slight intermissions, till one o'clock in the morning of

Wednesday, when it was discovered that he had availed himself of the darkness of the

night, and had thrown a considerable force above to our right; they had approached

very near to Fort Covington, when they began to throw rockets; intended, I presume,

to give them an opportunity of examining the shores-as I have since understood, they

had detached 1250 picked men, with scaling ladders, for the purpose of storming this

fort. We once more had an opportunity of opening our batteries, and kept up a

continued blaze for nearly two hours, which had the effect again to drive them off.

In justice to lieutenant Newcomb, of the United States' navy, who commanded at fort

Covington, with a detachment of sailors, and lieutenant Webster, of the flotilla, who

commanded the six gun battery near that fort, I ought to state, that during this time they

kept up an animated, and I believe, a very destructive fire, to which I am persuaded,

we are much indebted in repulsing the enemy. One of his sunken barges has since been

found with two dead men in it; others have been seen floating in the river. The only

means we had of directing our guns, was by the blaze of their rockets, and the flashes

of their guns. Had they ventured to the same situation in the day time, not a man would

have escaped.

The bombardment continued on the part of the enemy until 7 o'clock on Wednesday

morning, when it ceased; and about 9, their ships got under weigh, and stood down the

river. During the bombardment, which lasted 25 hours (with two slight intermissions)

from the best calculation I can make, from 15 to 1800 shells were thrown by the

enemy. A few of these fell short. A large proportion burst over us, throwing their

fragments among us, and threatening destruction. Many passed over, and about 400

fell within the works. Two of the public buildings are materially injured, the others but

slightly. I am happy to inform you (wonderful as it may appear) that our loss amounts

only to four men killed, and 24 wounded. The latter will all recover. Among the killed, I

have to lament the loss of lieutenant Clagget, and sergeant Clemm, both of captain

Nicholson's volunteers; two men whose fate is to be deplored, not only for their

personal bravery, but for their high standing, amiable demeanor, and spotless integrity

in private life. Lieutenant Russel, of the company under lieutenant Pennington, received,

early in the attack, a severe contusion in the heal; notwithstanding which he remained at

his post during the whole bombardment.

Were I to name any individuals who signalized themselves, it would be doing injustice

to others. Suffice it to say, that every officer and soldier under my command did their

duty to my entire satisfaction.

John Brannan, ed. Official Letters of the Military and Naval Officers of the United States During

the War with Great Britain in the Years 1812, 13, 14, & 15 With Some Additional Letters and

Documents Elucidating the History of that Period. (Washington: 1823), pp. 439-441.

Reburied in New Cathedral Cemetery of Baltimore Lot Q 89 #4 on May 27, 1887 together with Jane, Ella, Issac, Laura, Emma, Mary J, Etta, Salio Granger, Lillie McCauley and two Sloan Children (see marriage of Michael Sloan and Mary A. Granger).

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

Death Notice appearing in Baltimore Morning Sun on February 28, 1867 states "he was one of the Old Defenders in the War of 1812"

War of 1812 Muster Rolls, an online database published by Ancestry, Inc. indicates that a Private Matthias Haupt served in the 1 Regt Artillery (Harris') of the Maryland Militia during the War of 1812. See http//www.ancestry.com/ for details.

See the following website for a firsthand account of the defense of Fort McHenry:

http://www.hillsdale.edu/academics/history/Documents/War/America/1812/East/1814-McHenry-Armistead.htm

It speaks of the involvement of volunteer artillery companies from Baltimore:

Lieutenant-Colonel G. Armistead, USA, to the Secretary of War

Fort McHenry, 24 September 1814

A severe indisposition, the effect of great fatigue and exposure, has prevented me

heretofore from presenting you with an account of the attack on this post. On the night

of Saturday the 10th instant, the British fleet, consisting of ships of the line, heavy

frigates and bomb vessels, amounting in the whole to 30 sail, appeared at the mouth of

the river Patapsco, with every indication of an attempt upon the city of Baltimore. My

own force consisted of one company of United States' artillery, under captain Evans,

and two companies of sea-fencibles, under captains Bunbury and Addison. Of these

three companies, 35 men were unfortunately on the sick list, and unfit for duty. I had

been furnished with two companies of volunteer artillery from the city of Baltimore

under captain Berry and lieutenant commandant Pennington. To these I must add

another very fine company of volunteer artillerists, under judge Nicholson, who had

profered their services to aid in the defence of this post whenever an attack might be

apprehended; and also a detachment from commodore Barney's flotilla, under

lieutenant Redman. Brigadier general Winder had also furnished me with about 600

infantry, under the command of lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, consisting

of detachments from the 12th, 14th, 36th, and 38th regiments of United States'

troops-the total amounting to about 1000 effective men.

On Monday morning, very early, it was perceived that the enemy was landing troops

on the east side of the Patapsco, distance about ten miles. During that day and the

ensuing night, he had brought sixteen ships (including five bomb ships) within about two

miles and a half of this fort. I had arranged my force as follows:-the regular artillerists

under captain Evans, and the volunteers under captain Nicholson, manned the bastions

in the Star Fort. Captains Bunbury's , Addison's, Rodman's, Berry's, and lieutenant

commandant Pennington's commands were stationed on the lower works, and the

infantry, under lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, were in the outer ditch, to

meet the enemy at his landing, should he attempt one.

On Tuesday morning, about sun-rise, the enemy commenced the attack from his five

bomb vessels, at the distance of about two miles, and kept up an incessant and well

directed bombardment. We immediately opened our batteries, and kept up a brisk fire

from our guns and mortars, but unfortunately our shot and shells all fell considerably

short of him. This was to me a most distressing circumstance; as it left us exposed to a

constant and tremendous shower of shells, without the most remote possibility of our

doing him the slightest injury. It affords me the highest gratification to state, that though

we were left thus exposed, and thus inactive, not a man shrunk from the conflict.

About two o'clock PM one of the 24 pounders of the southwest bastion, under the

immediate command of captain Nicholson, was dismounted by a shell, the explosion

from which killed his second lieutenant, and wounded several of his men; the bustle

necessarily produced in removing the wounded and replacing the gun, probably

induced the enemy to suspect we were in a state of confusion, as he brought in three of

his bomb ships, to what I believed to be good striking distance. I immediately ordered

a fire to be opened, which was obeyed with alacrity through the whole garrison, and in

half an hour those intruders again sheltered themselves by withdrawing beyond our

reach. We gave three cheers, and again ceased firing-The enemy continued throwing

shells, with one or two slight intermissions, till one o'clock in the morning of

Wednesday, when it was discovered that he had availed himself of the darkness of the

night, and had thrown a considerable force above to our right; they had approached

very near to Fort Covington, when they began to throw rockets; intended, I presume,

to give them an opportunity of examining the shores-as I have since understood, they

had detached 1250 picked men, with scaling ladders, for the purpose of storming this

fort. We once more had an opportunity of opening our batteries, and kept up a

continued blaze for nearly two hours, which had the effect again to drive them off.

In justice to lieutenant Newcomb, of the United States' navy, who commanded at fort

Covington, with a detachment of sailors, and lieutenant Webster, of the flotilla, who

commanded the six gun battery near that fort, I ought to state, that during this time they

kept up an animated, and I believe, a very destructive fire, to which I am persuaded,

we are much indebted in repulsing the enemy. One of his sunken barges has since been

found with two dead men in it; others have been seen floating in the river. The only

means we had of directing our guns, was by the blaze of their rockets, and the flashes

of their guns. Had they ventured to the same situation in the day time, not a man would

have escaped.

The bombardment continued on the part of the enemy until 7 o'clock on Wednesday

morning, when it ceased; and about 9, their ships got under weigh, and stood down the

river. During the bombardment, which lasted 25 hours (with two slight intermissions)

from the best calculation I can make, from 15 to 1800 shells were thrown by the

enemy. A few of these fell short. A large proportion burst over us, throwing their

fragments among us, and threatening destruction. Many passed over, and about 400

fell within the works. Two of the public buildings are materially injured, the others but

slightly. I am happy to inform you (wonderful as it may appear) that our loss amounts

only to four men killed, and 24 wounded. The latter will all recover. Among the killed, I

have to lament the loss of lieutenant Clagget, and sergeant Clemm, both of captain

Nicholson's volunteers; two men whose fate is to be deplored, not only for their

personal bravery, but for their high standing, amiable demeanor, and spotless integrity

in private life. Lieutenant Russel, of the company under lieutenant Pennington, received,

early in the attack, a severe contusion in the heal; notwithstanding which he remained at

his post during the whole bombardment.

Were I to name any individuals who signalized themselves, it would be doing injustice

to others. Suffice it to say, that every officer and soldier under my command did their

duty to my entire satisfaction.

John Brannan, ed. Official Letters of the Military and Naval Officers of the United States During

the War with Great Britain in the Years 1812, 13, 14, & 15 With Some Additional Letters and

Documents Elucidating the History of that Period. (Washington: 1823), pp. 439-441.

Reburied in New Cathedral Cemetery of Baltimore Lot Q 89 #4 on May 27, 1887 together with Jane, Ella, Issac, Laura, Emma, Mary J, Etta, Salio Granger, Lillie McCauley and two Sloan Children (see marriage of Michael Sloan and Mary A. Granger).

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

Death Notice appearing in Baltimore Morning Sun on February 28, 1867 states "he was one of the Old Defenders in the War of 1812"

War of 1812 Muster Rolls, an online database published by Ancestry, Inc. indicates that a Private Matthias Haupt served in the 1 Regt Artillery (Harris') of the Maryland Militia during the War of 1812. See http//www.ancestry.com/ for details.

See the following website for a firsthand account of the defense of Fort McHenry:

http://www.hillsdale.edu/academics/history/Documents/War/America/1812/East/1814-McHenry-Armistead.htm

It speaks of the involvement of volunteer artillery companies from Baltimore:

Lieutenant-Colonel G. Armistead, USA, to the Secretary of War

Fort McHenry, 24 September 1814

A severe indisposition, the effect of great fatigue and exposure, has prevented me

heretofore from presenting you with an account of the attack on this post. On the night

of Saturday the 10th instant, the British fleet, consisting of ships of the line, heavy

frigates and bomb vessels, amounting in the whole to 30 sail, appeared at the mouth of

the river Patapsco, with every indication of an attempt upon the city of Baltimore. My

own force consisted of one company of United States' artillery, under captain Evans,

and two companies of sea-fencibles, under captains Bunbury and Addison. Of these

three companies, 35 men were unfortunately on the sick list, and unfit for duty. I had

been furnished with two companies of volunteer artillery from the city of Baltimore

under captain Berry and lieutenant commandant Pennington. To these I must add

another very fine company of volunteer artillerists, under judge Nicholson, who had

profered their services to aid in the defence of this post whenever an attack might be

apprehended; and also a detachment from commodore Barney's flotilla, under

lieutenant Redman. Brigadier general Winder had also furnished me with about 600

infantry, under the command of lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, consisting

of detachments from the 12th, 14th, 36th, and 38th regiments of United States'

troops-the total amounting to about 1000 effective men.

On Monday morning, very early, it was perceived that the enemy was landing troops

on the east side of the Patapsco, distance about ten miles. During that day and the

ensuing night, he had brought sixteen ships (including five bomb ships) within about two

miles and a half of this fort. I had arranged my force as follows:-the regular artillerists

under captain Evans, and the volunteers under captain Nicholson, manned the bastions

in the Star Fort. Captains Bunbury's , Addison's, Rodman's, Berry's, and lieutenant

commandant Pennington's commands were stationed on the lower works, and the

infantry, under lieutenant colonel Stewart and major Lane, were in the outer ditch, to

meet the enemy at his landing, should he attempt one.

On Tuesday morning, about sun-rise, the enemy commenced the attack from his five

bomb vessels, at the distance of about two miles, and kept up an incessant and well

directed bombardment. We immediately opened our batteries, and kept up a brisk fire

from our guns and mortars, but unfortunately our shot and shells all fell considerably

short of him. This was to me a most distressing circumstance; as it left us exposed to a

constant and tremendous shower of shells, without the most remote possibility of our

doing him the slightest injury. It affords me the highest gratification to state, that though

we were left thus exposed, and thus inactive, not a man shrunk from the conflict.

About two o'clock PM one of the 24 pounders of the southwest bastion, under the

immediate command of captain Nicholson, was dismounted by a shell, the explosion

from which killed his second lieutenant, and wounded several of his men; the bustle

necessarily produced in removing the wounded and replacing the gun, probably

induced the enemy to suspect we were in a state of confusion, as he brought in three of

his bomb ships, to what I believed to be good striking distance. I immediately ordered

a fire to be opened, which was obeyed with alacrity through the whole garrison, and in

half an hour those intruders again sheltered themselves by withdrawing beyond our

reach. We gave three cheers, and again ceased firing-The enemy continued throwing

shells, with one or two slight intermissions, till one o'clock in the morning of

Wednesday, when it was discovered that he had availed himself of the darkness of the

night, and had thrown a considerable force above to our right; they had approached

very near to Fort Covington, when they began to throw rockets; intended, I presume,

to give them an opportunity of examining the shores-as I have since understood, they

had detached 1250 picked men, with scaling ladders, for the purpose of storming this

fort. We once more had an opportunity of opening our batteries, and kept up a

continued blaze for nearly two hours, which had the effect again to drive them off.

In justice to lieutenant Newcomb, of the United States' navy, who commanded at fort

Covington, with a detachment of sailors, and lieutenant Webster, of the flotilla, who

commanded the six gun battery near that fort, I ought to state, that during this time they

kept up an animated, and I believe, a very destructive fire, to which I am persuaded,

we are much indebted in repulsing the enemy. One of his sunken barges has since been

found with two dead men in it; others have been seen floating in the river. The only

means we had of directing our guns, was by the blaze of their rockets, and the flashes

of their guns. Had they ventured to the same situation in the day time, not a man would

have escaped.

The bombardment continued on the part of the enemy until 7 o'clock on Wednesday

morning, when it ceased; and about 9, their ships got under weigh, and stood down the

river. During the bombardment, which lasted 25 hours (with two slight intermissions)

from the best calculation I can make, from 15 to 1800 shells were thrown by the

enemy. A few of these fell short. A large proportion burst over us, throwing their

fragments among us, and threatening destruction. Many passed over, and about 400

fell within the works. Two of the public buildings are materially injured, the others but

slightly. I am happy to inform you (wonderful as it may appear) that our loss amounts

only to four men killed, and 24 wounded. The latter will all recover. Among the killed, I

have to lament the loss of lieutenant Clagget, and sergeant Clemm, both of captain

Nicholson's volunteers; two men whose fate is to be deplored, not only for their

personal bravery, but for their high standing, amiable demeanor, and spotless integrity

in private life. Lieutenant Russel, of the company under lieutenant Pennington, received,

early in the attack, a severe contusion in the heal; notwithstanding which he remained at

his post during the whole bombardment.

Were I to name any individuals who signalized themselves, it would be doing injustice

to others. Suffice it to say, that every officer and soldier under my command did their

duty to my entire satisfaction.

John Brannan, ed. Official Letters of the Military and Naval Officers of the United States During

the War with Great Britain in the Years 1812, 13, 14, & 15 With Some Additional Letters and

Documents Elucidating the History of that Period. (Washington: 1823), pp. 439-441.

Reburied in New Cathedral Cemetery of Baltimore Lot Q 89 #4 on May 27, 1887 together with Jane, Ella, Issac, Laura, Emma, Mary J, Etta, Salio Granger, Lillie McCauley and two Sloan Children (see marriage of Michael Sloan and Mary A. Granger).

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

Son of George & Mary Downey

Grandson of John Mathias Haupt, Revolutionary War Soldier

Possibly the Mathias Haupt listed 1840 U.S. Census on page 157, 10th Ward, Baltimore

Death Certificate at the Maryland State Archives:

Name: Mathias Haupt

Certificate # A-45894

Death Date: December 29, 1892

Volume 12

Page 299

Baltimore American, P.06, Wed.March 30, 1892.

M. J. Haupt

Matthias J. Haupt, an inmate of the Aged Men's Home, Lexington and Calhoun Streets, for the past three years, died at the home yesterday morning, aged seventy-eight years. Haupt was formerly chief engineer of the old Friendship Fire Company, Frederick street, near Baltimore, and a member of the Veteran Volunteer Firemen's Association. He was a painter by trade. No arrangements have as yet been made for the funeral.

Baltimore American, P.01, Thursday March 31, 1892.

HAUPT.- On March 29, at Aged Men's Home, MATHIAS HAUPT, in the seventy-fifth year of his age. Funeral today, March 31st., at 3 P.M.. from the residence of his daughter, 319 North Mount street.

Aged Men's Home 1400 W. Lexington St opened 1865/01/09

Notes for John Mathias Haupt:

General Notes:

Son of George & Mary Downey

Grandson of John Mathias Haupt, Revolutionary War Soldier

Possibly the Mathias Haupt listed 1840 U.S. Census on page 157, 10th Ward, Baltimore

Death Certificate at the Maryland State Archives:

Name: Mathias Haupt

Certificate # A-45894

Death Date: December 29, 1892

Volume 12

Page 299

Baltimore American, P.06, Wed.March 30, 1892.

M. J. Haupt

Matthias J. Haupt, an inmate of the Aged Men's Home, Lexington and Calhoun Streets, for the past three years, died at the home yesterday morning, aged seventy-eight years. Haupt was formerly chief engineer of the old Friendship Fire Company, Frederick street, near Baltimore, and a member of the Veteran Volunteer Firemen's Association. He was a painter by trade. No arrangements have as yet been made for the funeral.

Baltimore American, P.01, Thursday March 31, 1892.

HAUPT.- On March 29, at Aged Men's Home, MATHIAS HAUPT, in the seventy-fifth year of his age. Funeral today, March 31st., at 3 P.M.. from the residence of his daughter, 319 North Mount street.

Aged Men's Home 1400 W. Lexington St opened 1865/01/09

Notes for Elizabeth A. Favorite:

General Notes:

Baltimore Morning Sun P.4, Monday March 18, 1901.

HAUPT.-On March 16, 1901, Pendleton, Ind.,

ELIZABETH A., in her 77th year,

widow of John M. Haupt.

We miss thee from our home, dear mother,

We miss thee from thy place;

A shadow o'er our life is cast-

We miss the sunshind of thy face.

We miss thy kind and willing hand,

Thy fond and earnest care;

Our home is dark without thee-

We miss thee everywhere.

BY HER DAUGHTER, A. H.

Elizabeth Haupt found in:

Indiana Deaths, 1882-1920 Vital Records (FTM CD)

Date: Mar 16, 1901

Location: Pendleton

Age: 76 yr

Sex: Female

Color: W

Source Location: County Health Office, Anderson

Source Notes: The source of this record is the book H-26 on page 10 within the series produced by the Indiana Works Progress Administration.

Notes for Elizabeth A. Favorite:

General Notes:

Baltimore Morning Sun P.4, Monday March 18, 1901.

HAUPT.-On March 16, 1901, Pendleton, Ind.,

ELIZABETH A., in her 77th year,

widow of John M. Haupt.

We miss thee from our home, dear mother,

We miss thee from thy place;

A shadow o'er our life is cast-

We miss the sunshind of thy face.

We miss thy kind and willing hand,

Thy fond and earnest care;

Our home is dark without thee-

We miss thee everywhere.

BY HER DAUGHTER, A. H.

Elizabeth Haupt found in:

Indiana Deaths, 1882-1920 Vital Records (FTM CD)

Date: Mar 16, 1901

Location: Pendleton

Age: 76 yr

Sex: Female

Color: W

Source Location: County Health Office, Anderson

Source Notes: The source of this record is the book H-26 on page 10 within the series produced by the Indiana Works Progress Administration.

Notes for Edward A. Haupt:

General Notes:

1930 U.S. Census for Baltimore shows spinster niece Ann C. Darling, age 58, living in home of Edward.

At time of death, he resided with the Little Sisters of Poor, 1200 Valley Street in Baltimore.

Death notice for Edward Haupt from the Baltimore Morning Sun page 16, Saturday March 06, 1943:

HAUPT.-On March 05, 1943, EDWARD, beloved husband of the late Melinda Darling Haupt.

Funeral from the Little Sisters of the Poor, Monday morning, at 9 A.M.

Interment in Holy Redeemer Cemetery.

Haupt, Edward A., 1864 - 3/5/1943, with Melinda E., section R